Expertise is characterized by what?

Expertise is primarily characterized by the special skills and competencies developed through significant experience in a specific field or area. This definition emphasizes the depth of knowledge and practical abilities that one acquires over time through hands-on practice and engagement. It's not simply about having a wide array of information, but rather a focused and refined set of skills that set an expert apart from a novice or a casually informed individual.

When considering the other options, while broad knowledge and general awareness can contribute to a person’s capabilities, they don't capture the depth and specialty that define true expertise. Standardized testing success may indicate a certain level of knowledge but does not necessarily translate into the practical, nuanced skills that come from direct, sustained engagement in a specific domain. Thus, the essence of expertise lies in those specialized skills honed through relevant experience.